طراحی مدل عوامل موثر بر مدیریت بحران در صنعت ورزش کشور

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترای مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه شمال، آمل، ایران

2 استاد، گروه مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه مازندران، بابلسر، ایران

3 استادیار، دانشگاه هنر، تهران، ایران

4 دانشیار، گروه مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه مازندران، بابلسر، ایران

چکیده

ایجاد بحران در صنعت ورزش برآیندی از کارکرد عناصر مختلف و اثرگذار در حوزه‌های مختلف است. عملکرد مناسب و مطلوب این حوزه‌ها رمز پایداری، بقا و امنیت سازمان‌ها و محیط‌های ورزشی است و عملکرد نامطلوب و اختلاف در کار هر یک از این حوزه‌ها سبب بروز وضعیتی نامناسب و بحرانی خواهد شد. پژوهش حاضر با هدف طراحی مدل عوامل موثر بر مدیریت بحران در صنعت ورزش کشور در چارچوب رویکرد آمیخته انجام و ابزار گردآوری داده‌ها در بخش کیفی مصاحبه نیمه ساختاریافته و در بخش کمی پرسشنامه بود. ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎری نمونه‌ها در هر دو بخش اﻓﺮاد صاحب‌نظر در زمینه مدیریت بحران در ورزش شامل اساتید مدیریت ورزشی، افراد متخصص و مدیران در ادارات ورزش و جوانان، دانشگاه‌ها، باشگاه‌ها و... بودند. نمونه‌گیری بخش کیفی، هدفمند و تا رسیدن به اشباع نظری (18 نفر) ادامه یافت. در بخش کمی 384 نمونه به‌صورت هدفمند و با تکنیک ارجاع گلوله برفی انتخاب شدند. در تجزیه‌وتحلیل اطلاعات بخش کیفی از نظریه داده بنیاد گلیزر (کدگذاری باز، انتخابی و نظری) و برای تعیین میزان اهمیت و غربال مهم‌ترین شاخص‌های شناسایی‌شده از تکنیک دلفی فازی استفاده شد. در بخش کمی از مدل‌سازی معادلات ساختاری، در بررسی روایی و پایایی ابزار اندازه‌گیری و سازه‌ها از تحلیل عاملی تأییدی (CFA) با نرم‌افزار Smart PLS3 استفاده شد. از آزمون KMS، برای بررسی سؤالات پژوهش و در بررسی توزیع داده‌ها با توجه به غیر نرمال بودن از آزمون نا پارامتریک دوجمله‌ای و به‌منظور رتبه‌بندی عوامل از آزمون فریدمن به‌وسیله نرم‌افزار SPSS26 استفاده شد. نتایج بخش کیفی نشان داد مدیریت بحران شامل 386 مفهوم، 18 مقوله و هشت بعد (سازمانی، اقتصادی-کارآفرینی، حقوقی و قانونی، اجتماعی-فرهنگی، بهداشتی-روانی، فناوری اطلاعات و رسانه، گردشگری- زیست‌محیطی و سیاسی) بود. در بخش کمی با توجه به نتایج به‌دست‌آمده از مدل‌سازی معادلات ساختاری، مدل نهایی تحقیق شکل گرفت و نتایج آزمون فریدمن عوامل موثر در مدیریت بحران را به ترتیب اولویت (اقتصادی و کارآفرینی، اجتماعی و فرهنگی، سیاسی، گردشگری و زیست‌محیطی، حقوقی و قانونی، فناوری و رسانه، سازمانی، بهداشتی و روانی) معرفی نمود. لذا پیشنهادمی‌شود متولیان ورزش کشور برای مدیریت بحران به هشت مقوله اصلی و مؤلفه‌های هرکدام از آنها توجه کافی داشته و در راستای تقویت مؤلفه‌های مثبت و حذف مؤلفه‌های منفی همت گمارند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Designing of Effective Factors, a Crisis Management Model in the Country's Sports Industry

نویسندگان [English]

  • Farideh Alizadeh 1
  • Seyyed Mohammad Hossein Razavi 2
  • Saeeid Amirnejad 3
  • Morteza Dosti Pashakolaei 4
1 Ph.D. Student, Dept. of Sport Management, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Shomal, Amol, Iran
2 Prof., Dept. of Sport Management, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
3 Assis. Prof., University of Art, Tehran, Iran
4 Assoc. Prof., Dept. of Sport Management, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
چکیده [English]

Creating a crisis in the sports industry is the result of the functioning of different and influential elements in different fields. The proper and optimal performance of these areas is the key to the stability, survival and security of sports organizations and environments, and unfavorable performance and differences in the work of each of these areas will cause an inappropriate and critical situation. The purpose of this research was to design a model of the effective factors of crisis management in the country's sports industry in the framework of a mixed approach, and data collection tools were conducted in the qualitative part of a semi-structured interview and in the quantitative part of a questionnaire. The statistical populations of the samples in both sections were experts in the field of crisis management in sports, including professors of sports management, experts and managers in sports and youth departments, universities, clubs, etc. Sampling of the qualitative part was targeted and continued until reaching theoretical saturation (18 people). In the quantitative part, 384 samples were selected purposefully and with the snowball reference technique. In the data analysis of the qualitative part, Glaser's data base theory (open, selective and theoretical coding) was used, and fuzzy Delphi technique was used to determine the importance and screening of the most important indicators identified. In the quantitative part of structural equation modeling, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) with Smart PLS3 software was used to check the validity and reliability of measurement tools and structures. The KMS test was used to examine the research questions and to examine the data distribution due to non-normality, the non-parametric binomial test was used, and the Friedman test was used to rank the factors using spss26 software. The results of the qualitative part showed that crisis management included 386 concepts, 18 categories and eight dimensions (organizational, economic-entrepreneurial, legal and legal, social-cultural, health-psychological, information technology and media, tourism-environmental and political). In the quantitative part, according to the results obtained from structural equation modeling, the final model of the research was formed and the results of the Friedman test showed the effective factors in crisis management in the order of priority (economic and entrepreneurial, social and cultural, political, tourism and environmental, legal and legal), technology and media, organization, health and psychological Therefore, it is suggested that the country's sports trustees pay enough attention to the eight main categories and the components of each of them for crisis management and work hard to strengthen the positive components and eliminate the negative components.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Sports Industry
  • Model
  • Crisis Management

مراجع

  1. 1.Pitsiladis, Y. Muniz. Pardo’s, B. Miller, M. Verroken, M. (2020). Sport Integrity Opportunities in the Time of Coronavirus. Sports Medicine, 15(4), P: 132-145

    1. Meer T, Verhoeven P, Beentjes H, Vliegenthart R, (2017). Communication in times of crisis: The

    stakeholder relationship under pressure. Public Relations Review, 12(3), P: 231-246.

    1. Clays, A. S. (2017). "Better safe than sorry: Why organizations in crisis should never hesitate to steal thunder". Business Horizons, 41(3), pp: 293-300.
    2. Mohammadi far Y, Azami M, Feyz Aghaei P. (2020). Designing an Indigenous Model of Extensive Natural Disaster Crisis Management, Quarterly Journal of the School of Crisis Prevention and Management,2020؛2(2). (Persian).
    3. Lorenzo Ardito, Mario Coccia, Antonio Messeni Petruzzelli. (2021). Technological exaptation and crisis management: Evidence from COVID-19 outbreaks, d Lorenzo Ardito, Technological exaptation and crisis, R&D Management 2021.
    4. Ratten, v. (2020). coronavirus disease(covid-19) and sport entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial potential of covid-19, Issue(s) available:169-from volume: 1 Issue:1, to volume:29 Issue:11.
    5. Jonas Hammerschmidt a, Susanne Durst b, d, Sascha Kraus c, Kaisu Puumalainen (2021) Professional football clubs and empirical evidence from the COVID-19 crisis: Time for sport entrepreneurship? Technological Forecasting & Social Change 165 (2021) 120572.
    6. Esther puga-gonzález, Elena españa-estévez2, gema torres-luque1, David Cabello Manrique, (2020). The effect of the crisis on the economic federative situation and evolution of sports results in Spain, journal of human sport & exercise, issn 1988- doi:10.14198/jhse.2022.172.13.
    7. Jankelová N, Mison J. (2021). Key Competencies of Agricultural Managers in the Acute Stage of the COVID-19 Crisis. N؛11(59).

    10.Tae Seung Park. Jae yoon kwon. (2022). Analysis of crisis management for sustainable development of fitness center during the covid-19 pandemic, sustainability, volume14, p:24-51. https://doi.org/10.3390/ su140424

    1. Atilgan, D, Kaplan. (2018). Crisis management in sport. The Journal of International Civilization Studies, N, 3(1), 72-76.
    2. shari. r. veil. Kathryn. E. Anthony. (2017). Exploring public relations challenges in compounding crises: the pariah effect of toxic trailers, journal of public relations research, volume 29:4. pp:141-157.htps://www.tandfonline.

    com/Doi/abs/10.1080/1062726X.2017.1355805

    1. wansuk Choi1, Can ghee Park. (2021) Relationship Between Participant’s Selection Attributes, Satisfaction, and Continued Participation according to safety Awareness of Water Leisure Sports, International Journal of Crisis & Safety, dx.doi.org/10.22471/crisis.2021.6.2.01.
    2. Dale Sheptak Jr, E. Menaker. (2020). When Sport Event Work Stopped: Exposure of Sport Event Labor Precarity by the COVID-19 Pandemic, International Journal of Sport Communication, 2020, 13, 427–435.

    15.Tatiana Iancheva1, Liudmila Rogaleva, Alejandro García-Mas3, Aurelio Olmedilla. (2020). Perfectionism, mood states and coping strategies of sports, students from Bulgaria and Russia during the pandemic covid-19, Journal of Applied Sports Sciences 2020, Vol. 1, pp. 22 - 38 ISSN 2534-9597 (Print), ISSN 2535-0145.

    1. Kenon A. Brown, Alyssa Adamson & Busso Park. (2019). Applying Situational Crisis Communication Theory to Sports: Investigating the Impact of Athlete Reputational Crises on Team Perception, Journal of Global Sport Management, ISSN: 2470-4067 (Print) 2470-4075 (Online) Journal homepage: https://www.tandfonline.com/loi/rgsm20.
    2. Relations Review, 2017. 12(3), P: 231-246
    3. Claeys, A. S. (2017). "Better safe than sorry: Why organizations in crisis should never

    hesitate to steal thunder". Business Horizons, 41(3), pp: 293-300

    1. LaGree, D. Wilbur, D. and Cameron, G.T. (2019). A strategic approach to sports crisis management: Assessing the NFL concussion crisis from marketing and public relations perspectives”. International Journal of Sports Marketing and Sponsorship, Vol. 20 No. 3, pp. 407- 429. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJSMS-05-2018-0045
    2. Wei-min, M. (2008). “Foreign sports insurance system modes and their inspiration to China”. Journal of Physical Education, 15(7), pp: 33-38.
    3. Dosti, Morteza; Guder Zai, Mahmoud; Asadi, Hassan (1400). Explanation and analysis of the causes and consequences of politicians entering Iran's sports, Sports Management Quarterly, Volume 13, Number 1, pp. 15-34.
    4. Shariati Faizabadi, Mehdi (2018). The effects of US sanctions on the sport of the Islamic Republic of Iran, bi-quarterly scientific journal of political science, year 16, number 1, series 31, pp. 219-246.
    5. Afshari, Mustafa; Ismaili, Mohsen; Rahmani, Maryam; Mohammad Hassan, Fahima (2019) Sanctions and sports - Analysis of the impact of sanctions on sports in Iran, Physiology and Management Researches in Sports, Volume 12, Number 3, pp. 75-88.
    6. Shahed haghghadam, Hale; Fathi Ashtiani, Ali; Way of salvation, Amir Mohsen; Ahmadi Tahoor Soltani, Mohsen; Taqwa, Arsia; Ebrahimi, Mohammadreza; Dinavi, Vahid; Jahan Dari, Peyman. (2019) Psychological consequences and interventions in the covid 19 pandemic, Darya Medical Journal, Volume 2, Number 1, pp. 1-11.
    7. Darvishi, Abolfazl; Dosti, Morteza; Bagherian, Behzad (2016). Political obstacles to the development of beach sports tourism in Mazandaran province, Journal of Marine Sciences and Techniques, Volume 18, Number 1, pp. 10-25.
    8. Pournaghi, Amin; Farahani, Abolfazl; Mahdavi Kilishmi, Ghadir (2015). A comparative study of different models of sports insurance in selected countries and Iran, Journal of New Approaches in Sports Management, Volume 4, Number 13, pp. 114-99.
    9. Islami Siddiqa; Hemati, Jamshid; Zarina, Ebrahim (2014) Identification and ranking of barriers to the entry of sports tourism in Iran, Jihad Academic Sports Management Journal, pp. 1-18.

    28.Vishte, Abbas (1383). Investigating the legal foundations of civil liability insurance for sports managers, Insurance Industry Quarterly, No. 4, pp. 45-79.

    1. Mansouri, Hossein; Rezaei, Zahra; Sajjadi, Seyyed Nasrallah; Mohammadi, Morteza. (2016). Identifying and prioritizing indicators of financial corruption in the country's sports organizations with a hierarchical analysis approach, Sports Management and Development Quarterly, 8th year, 3rd issue, serial 19. (Persian)

    30.Rezaei, Shamsuddin; Ismaili, Mohsen. (2017). TV broadcasting rights in Iran's football industry. Quarterly Journal of Sports Management and Development, Year 8, Issue 1, Serial 17. (Persian)

    31.Farahani A, Keshavarz L, Marvi Esfahan N. (2020) Analysis of Factors Affecting the Behavior of Sports Managers for Coping and Managing Iranian Championship Sports Crises, Organizational Behavior Management Studies in Sports, N؛ 7(26), pp: 52. (Persian).

    32. Ivan Ka Wai Lai, Jose Weng Chou Wong. (2020). Comparing crisis management practices in the hotel industry between initial and pandemic stages of COVID-19, International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, Crisis management practices

فایل ها

سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 07 آذر 1401
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 23 مرداد 1402
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 26 مرداد 1402

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار