Cognitive warfare, as one of the most complex forms of contemporary conflicts, targets perception, cognition, and decision-making processes of individuals and societies, thereby posing a fundamental threat to national security. This study aims to elucidate the strategic role of cognitive computing in strengthening cognitive defense and to propose a localized framework for countering cognitive threats. The research employed a meta-synthesis approach based on the seven-step model of Sandelowski and Barroso. Data were systematically collected from 58 credible Persian and English sources, including articles, books, and technical reports, published between 2020 and 2024. Sources were selected purposefully according to predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. To enhance external validity, the Delphi method was applied with the participation of 12 domain experts. Qualitative data were coded using MAXQDA software and validated through triangulation, combining document analysis, expert opinions, and simulation. Findings indicate that cognitive computing, leveraging natural language processing, deep learning, and inferential reasoning, plays a strategic role in five key domains: (1) automated detection and tracking of cognitive threats, (2) big data analytics in cyberspace to uncover hidden patterns of cognitive disruption, (3) enhancing informational resilience through cognitive training and critical thinking, (4) forecasting cognitive attacks via predictive modeling and scenario simulation, and (5) providing adaptive and intelligent real-time responses. Quantitative validation indices, including content validity (CVI=0.88), reliability (Cronbach’s alpha=0.89), and expert consensus (Kendall’s W=0.89), confirm the robustness of the proposed model. The main contribution of this research lies in the design and localization of a three-layer framework—comprising hybrid infrastructure, cognitive computing, and cognitive services—tailored to the context of the Islamic Republic of Iran. This framework can serve as a roadmap for defense and security organizations in confronting cognitive warfare and reinforcing national security.