مدل بهینه سازی مسیریابی و برنامه ریزی چند دور های برای وسایل نقلیه بعد از وقوع بحران با هدف کاهش تقاضای تأمین نشده و مجاز بودن کمبود کالا مطالعه ی موردی: منطقه 4 تهران

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشکده مهندسی صنایع، دانشگاه صنعتی ارومیه، ایران

2 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکده مهندسی صنایع، دانشگاه صنعتی ارومیه، ایران

چکیده

با توجه به رشد پنج برابری وقوع حوادث غیرمترقبه در دهه های گذشته و افزایش هزینه های جانی و مالی ناشی از آن، مدیریت زنجیره ی تأمین
امداد به عنوان راه حلی مناسب به منظور کاهش هزینه های مختلف بحرا ن ها همواره مورد توجه سازما نهای بشردوستانه قرارگرفته است. یکی از
زمینه های مهم در این حوزه مسیریابی وسایل نقلیه است که نقش مهمی در بهبود خدمت رسانی به آسیب دیدگان دارد. با وجود اینکه تحقیقات
متعددی در این زمینه انجا م گرفته، اما مد لهای ارائه شده غالباً یک دورهای و تک کالایی بوده و شرط مجاز بودن کمبود کالاهای امدادی منظور نشده
است. به همین منظور در این پژوهش یک شبکه زنجیره ی تأمین امداد چند دوره ای و چند محصولی پیشنهاد شده که دربردارنده سه بخش مراکز
نگهداری وسایل نقلیه، مراکز توزیع کالاهای امدادی و پناهگاه هاست. مدل پیشنهادی با هدف به حداقل رساندن تقاضای تأمین نشده به مسیریابی
وسایل نقلیه به صورت پویا می پردازد. در صورت مازاد بودن مقدار تقاضا در پایان دوره های عملیاتی، میزان کمبود کالا را به تفکیک هر پناهگاه
مشخص می کند. به منظور اعتبارسنجی مدل پیشنهادی از اطلاعات منطقه ی چهار شهر تهران برگرفته شده و با بهره گیری از نرم افزار گمز حل شده
است. نتایج به دست آمده از حل عددی مدل نشان داد که کلیه عملیات امدادی در راستای تأمین حداکثری تقاضا انجام گرفته و زمان نقل وانتقال
وسایل نقلیه نیز به نحو مطلوبی مدیریت می شود. با بهره گیری از مدل پیشنهادی میزان حمل کالاهای امدادی توسط وسایل نقلیه در هر دوره
مشخص می شود. درنهایت به منظور بررسی مدت زمان اجرای مدل در ابعاد مختلف تحلیل حساسیت شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Optimization of multi-product dynamic routing model for vehicles after disaster, with justifiability of demand shortage

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sohrab Abdollahzadeh 1
  • Tina Namdari 2
1 Industrial Engineering Dept., Faculty, Urmia University of Technology, Urmia, Iran.
2 MA student, Industrial Engineering Dept., Urmia University of Technology, Urmia, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Regarding the five-fold increase in unexpected accidents in the past decade and the increase in its human and financial
losses, the relief supply chain has always been considered by humanitarian organizations as a suitable
solution to reduce the cost of disaster. One of the most important fields in this area is the routing of vehicles, which
has an important role in improving service to the injured. Undoubtedly, the selection of inappropriate routes for
vehicles has a negative effect on timely and suitable relief operations. Several studies have been conducted in this
regard, the models presented by them are often periodic and single-product, and the demand shortage of shelters
is not permitted. In this research, a multi-product relief chain network has been proposed, including three main
areas: vehicle maintenance centers, distribution centers for relief supply chains and shelters. The proposed mathematical
model, with a goal to maximizing the supplied demand, by a minimum of vehicle and time, addresses the
dynamically routing of vehicles. In the event of excess demand, at the end of the operational periods, the amount
of unsupplied demand for each type of product will also be determined in terms of each shelter. In order to validate
the proposed model, information of the 4th district of Tehran province, which is published in the basic papers, is
utilized and has been solved by GAMS software. The results of the numerical solution of the model showed that
all relief operations are in order to maximize the supply of demand in the shortest time. Also, the amount of unsupplied
demand for shelters, the amount and type of goods carried, and the route of each vehicle’s movement in each
period, are other outcomes of the model

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Disaster management
  • dynamic routing
  • multi-product
  • unsupplied demand
  • humanitarian supply chain
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